Volume 54, Issue 4, 27 February 2026

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Critical Reviews and Perspectives

Non-B DNA structures and their contributions to genetic diversity, aging, and disease

Nucleotide salvage, genome instability, and potential therapeutic applications

Chemical Biology and Nucleic Acid Chemistry

Solution structure of Z-form DNA bound to a curaxin ligand CBL0137

Feifan Liu and others

High-throughput measurement and prediction of the i-motif DNA stability landscape

Chengjie Chu and others

A reprogrammed genetic code consisting of 32 distinct amino acids

Takayuki Katoh and Hiroaki Suga

Xeno-nucleic acids support formation of Ag(I)-mediated duplexes and silver nanoclusters

Computational Biology

Exploring the regulatory potential of RNA structures in 202 cyanobacterial genomes

Adrian Sven Geissler and others

Energetically equivalent structural transitions in the Rad17'Rad9'Hus1'Rad1'Rhino complex underlie the sequential progression from activation through maintenance to inactivation of the ATR-dependent DNA damage response

Design prokaryotic cis-regulatory elements using language model

Yan Xia and others

TORCphysics: a physical model of DNA-topology-controlled gene expression

Diversity and distribution of bacterial DNA polymerases

Data Resources and Analyses

The dynamic landscape and conserved regulation of the m⁶Am and m⁶A methylomes during the human and mouse oocyte-to-embryo transition

Gene Regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics

Loss of SETDB1-mediated H3K9me3 in human neural progenitor cells leads to transcriptional activation of L1 retrotransposons

Ofelia Karlsson and others

Single-molecule tracking of DNMT1 in living cells reveals its cell cycle dynamics and its redistribution upon drug treatment

Histone H3 tail charge patterns govern nucleosome condensate formation and dynamics

Erin F Hammonds and others

Chromatin remodeler BAF maintains HBV cccDNA transcriptional competence and represents a therapeutic target

Dan Huang and others

Scaffolding of the H4K5ac chromatin remodeling complex by lncRNA MAHAC mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Distinct roles for SETalpha and SETbeta in early cell fate decisions

Molecular interactome of HNRNPU reveals regulatory networks in neuronal differentiation and DNA methylation

A novel two-component system regulates shikimate pathway for thermal adaptation in Thermus thermophilus

Gene body methylation buffers noise in gene expression in plants

CFP1-mediated H3K4me3 broad domains control early B cell lineage fate determination

Genome-wide dynamic nascent transcript profiles reveal that most paused RNA polymerases terminate

Rudradeep Mukherjee and Michael J Guertin

Bromodomain protein IBD1 bridges histone acetylation and H2A.Z deposition to fine-tune transcription

Genome Integrity, Repair and Replication

The interaction of XPG with TFIIH through p62 and XPD is required for the completion of nucleotide excision repair

Condensins regulate resection'dependent DNA double'strand break repair pathways in replicated chromatin

Xixi Lin

sic1 mutation leads to rDNA instability by partial duplication with SIR4

Taichi Murai and others

Azoospermia phenotype and scRNA-seq reveal hnRNPK as a factor essential for male germ cell development in mice

High-throughput mapping of spontaneous mitotic crossover and genome instability events with sci-L3-Strand-seq

Peter Chovanec and others

Human DNA polymerase eta is regulated by mutually exclusive mono-ubiquitination and mono-NEDDylation

PolyP inhibits CobB deacetylase triggering a regulatory coupling to prevent DNA replication initiation

Ewelina Boguszewska and others

Genomics

Transposable elements as drivers of genome evolution in Drosophila virilis

Ongoing structural changes highlight the dynamic nature of chloroplast genomes

Molecular and Structural Biology

Direct coupling of the human nuclear exosome adaptors NEXT and PAXT with transcription termination and processing machineries

Christopher C Kuhn and others

Archaeal G-quadruplexes: a novel model for understanding unusual DNA/RNA structures across the tree of life

Structural basis for BCL7B-mediated ncBAF-nucleosome engagement

Fahui Sun and others

Structural basis of Retron'Eco8-mediated antiphage defense

Chao Xiong and others

DNA induces non-canonical dimerization of the farnesoid X receptor

Nucleic Acid Enzymes

Structure, function, and applications of two novel phage recombinases from extreme environments

Ida Helene Steen

Functional convergence in Z-DNA biosynthesis highlighted by the characterization of nucleotide metabolism enzymes in bacteriophages

DNA polymerase lambda autoinhibition is relieved via Ku interaction during non-homologous end joining

Brandon C Case and others

Nucleic Acid Therapeutics

Anticodon-edited transfer RNAs (ACE-tRNAs) encoded as therapeutic nonviral minimal DNA vectors

RNA and RNA-protein complexes

Cytoplasmic poly-adenosine binding proteins modulate susceptibility of mRNAs to Pumilio-mediated decay

HCR-Proxy resolves site-specific proximal RNA microenvironments at subcompartmental resolution

Anja Trupej and others

Characterization of gRNA-dependent and gRNA-independent off-target binding sites of PspCas13b and RfxCas13d in mammalian cells

Huanhuan Feng and others

DDX24 modulates angiogenesis by promoting CCR4-NOT complex-dependent mRNA decay

Simeng He and others

Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering

Dual-single-guide RNA strategy improves CRISPR-mediated homology-directed repair in Aspergillus

Integrase-On-Demand: bioprospecting integrases for targeted genomic insertion of genetic cargo

Hannah M McClain and others

Machine learning-optimized long single-stranded DNA synthesis technology empowers high-precision diagnostic'therapeutic integration in living cells

Complex cooperativity in DNA origami revealed via design-dependent defectivity

Jacob M Majikes and others

Toehold-VISTA: a machine learning approach to decipher programmable RNA sensor-target interactions

James M Robson and Alexander A Green

Engineering a human-based translational activator for targeted protein expression restoration

CRISPR-associated transposon for programmable viral vector engineering and prime editing

Methods

AquIRE reveals the mechanisms of clinically induced RNA damage and the conservation and dynamics of glycoRNAs

bayesReact: expression-coupled regulatory motif analysis detects microRNA activity across cancers, tissues, and at the single-cell level

Asta Mannstaedt Rasmussen and others

Improved reconstruction of transcripts and coding sequences from RNA-seq data

A rapid test for protein'DNA interactions

Isoform-specific single-cell perturb-seq reveals distinct functions of alternative promoters in drug response

Helen E King and others

Cat_Wiz: a stereochemistry-guided toolkit for locating, diagnosing, and annotating Mg²⁺ ions in RNA structures

Corrections

Correction to ˜Synthesis of long and functionally active RNAs facilitated by acetal levulinic ester chemistry'

Correction to ˜Precise homology-directed installation of large genomic edits in human cells with cleaving and nicking high-specificity Cas9 variants'

Correction to ˜Splicing regulation and intron evolution in the short-intron ciliate model of endosymbiosis Paramecium bursaria'

Correction to ˜Condensins regulate resection'dependent DNA double'strand break repair pathways in replicated chromatin'

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